<![CDATA[This study aims to examine the dual role of technology in shaping emotional bonding and parenting practices, as well as to assess the effectiveness of parental monitoring strategies in enhancing students' discipline in the digital era through a systematic literature review approach. The study employed the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the PRISMA protocol. A total of 35 articles published in accredited national journals over the last five years (2021–2026) and 5 relevant national books were analyzed using thematic analysis. Data sources were retrieved from the SINTA, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Garuda databases using the keywords digital parenting, parental monitoring, student discipline, bonding, and educational technology. The analysis revealed three major findings. First, technology functions as a double-edged sword: on the one hand, it facilitates parental monitoring, with 62% of the reviewed studies reporting improved monitoring effectiveness; on the other hand, it has the potential to diminish the quality of physical and emotional interactions when not managed with adequate awareness. Second, effective parental monitoring integrates three essential components, referred to as the 3Cs: consistency in rules, two-way communication, and strong emotional connection. Third, consistent parental monitoring makes a significant contribution to improving students' discipline, achieving an effectiveness rate of 44.1% when combined with a positive school climate (Ngulandari et al., 2024). Furthermore, the effectiveness of parental monitoring in fostering student discipline is determined not merely by the sophistication of the technology employed but rather by the quality of the pre-existing emotional bond between parents and children and the consistency of rule enforcement. Digital parenting classes have also been shown to enhance parents' competencies by up to 61%. Based on these findings, this study recommends strengthening active collaboration between parents and schools, alongside the implementation of continuous digital literacy programs, to optimize the role of technology in contemporary parenting practices.]]>
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