<![CDATA[This article review aims to explore the reasons behind the low numeracy ability of grade 5 elementary school students in relation to the Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Divisor (FPB) material. Through an analysis of various research literature sources from 2020 to 2024, it was found that low numeracy ability in KPK and FPB is influenced by several main factors, including: a lack of understanding of basic number concepts, less varied learning methods, limited use of concrete learning aids, low student interest in mathematics, and family and school environmental factors. In addition, errors in problem-solving steps are also a significant obstacle. The results of this review are expected to serve as a guide for teachers and researchers in designing more effective learning approaches to improve KPK and FPB numeracy ability at the elementary school level.]]>
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