Supply Chain Network Optimization for Local Baccaurea Fruits from West Sulawesi as Herbal Medicine Raw Materials

Heri Irawan (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purbalingga 53351, Central Java, Indonesia)
Fityan Shobar Setyawan (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purbalingga 53351, Central Java, Indonesia)
Syarif Hidayat (Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purbalingga 53351, Central Java, Indonesia)
Aswan Munang (Industrial Engineering Study Program, Telkom University, Purwokerto Campus, Purwokerto 53147, West Java, Indonesia)

Indonesian Journal of Jamu
Vol. 11 No. 5 (2026): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia (In Progress)

Species of the genus Baccaurea (Phyllanthaceae) have reported medicinal properties and potential as herbal medicine raw materials, but an established supply chain is lacking. This study developed a preliminary supply chain network for Baccaurea fruits in West Sulawesi by identifying supply from 25 villages, selecting a distribution center (DC), and optimizing vehicle routes. Supply data were obtained through field surveys in September 2024, while demand was estimated using proxy data from comparable herbal raw materials. Mixed Integer Linear Programming identified Polewali Mandar Regency as the optimal DC location, with a total monthly supply chain cost of IDR 24,459,750. The Savings Matrix method generated four vehicle routes, and the Nearest Neighbor algorithm produced the shortest cumulative travel distance of 1,821.7 km. The proposed model provides a preliminary logistics framework, although further validation of supply variability, demand, postharvest quality, processing feasibility, and regulatory requirements is needed before industrial implementation.