Brushing teeth is a primary action in maintaining the cleanliness of teeth and gums as well as preventing dental and oral problems (Purnama, 2024). Based on the Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) in 2023 (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2023), the prevalence of dental and oral problems in Indonesia reached 56.9%, but only 6.2% of people brushed their teeth at the correct time. The age group 10–14 years who brushed their teeth correctly was only 5.3%. The Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI) recommends the habit of brushing teeth at least twice a day, that is, after breakfast in the morning and before going to bed at night (Pinat et al., 2024).
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