<![CDATA[The study aimed to determine the population structure, natural increase, and factors influencing the natural increase of Bali cattle in West Seram District, West Seram Regency. The study was conducted for two months using survey methods and field observations in seven villages: Piru, Morekao, Lumoli, Kawa, Eti, Neniari, and Kaibobu. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling of farmers raising Bali cattle. Data were collected through structured interviews, observation, documentation, and descriptive analysis. Observed parameters included farmer characteristics, population structure, reproductive management, natural increase, and factors influencing it. The results showed the population structure of Bali cattle based on age: male calf 7.06%, female calf 9.16%, young bull 16.05%, heifer 19.05%, bull 22.22%, and cow 26.46%; based on sex, bulls 45.33% and cows 54.67%. The sex ratio was 43.48% bulls compared to cows 56.52%. The calf crop rate to cow was 61.33%, the calf crop rate to population was 16.23%, and the mortality rate was 2.82%. Natural increase was 13.41%. In conclusion, the population structure of Bali cattle is dominated by cows and adult age groups. Natural increase in Bali cattle is relatively low, while factors influencing natural increase are the proportion of productive adult females, low birth rate, high mortality rate, natural mating system, limited feed quality and availability, and extensive husbandry system.]]>
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