ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin
Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)

Algorithmic Spiritual Authority: Digital Sufism and the Reconfiguration of Sanad in Indonesia

Eko Harianto (Insitut Agama Islam Latifah Mubarokiyah Tasikmalaya)
Reni Dian Lestari (Insitut Agama Islam Latifah Mubarokiyah Tasikmalaya)
Try Riduwan Santoso (Institut Agama Islam Latifah Mubarokiyah Tasikmalaya)
Jamaludin (Institut Agama Islam Latifah Mubarokiyah Tasikmalaya)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Dec 2025

Abstract

Digital platforms increasingly mediate the circulation of dhikr, salawat, Sufi aphorisms, healing narratives, devotional music, and online majelis in Indonesia. This article examines how platform visibility reshapes public perceptions of Sufi authority and how this transformation interacts with sanad (spiritual lineage), embodied guidance, and institutional recognition. Rather than claiming a statistically bounded netnography, the study adopts a conceptual–interpretive design that synthesizes digital religion, mediatization, commodification, and Indonesian Sufism, supported by illustrative observations of publicly accessible platform genres. The analysis identifies five forms of digital Sufism and develops a five-stage mechanism: visibility production, credibility inference, authority performance, institutional legitimation or contestation, and consequences for spiritual formation. Algorithmic spiritual authority does not simply refer to authority produced by algorithms but to a platform-conditioned regime in which metrics, repetition, aesthetics, and affective resonance become proxies for spiritual credibility. Digitalization thus produces hybrid legitimacy negotiated by institutions, creators, and audiences. The article explains when visibility becomes authority and distinguishes observable platform cues from inferred recommendation effects. Responsible adaptation requires spiritual literacy, credential transparency, layered pedagogy, and pathways toward accountable learning.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

esensia

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Social Sciences

Description

ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes articles of the highest quality and significance in all areas of Islamic theology (uṣūl al-dīn). The journal covers research on the immense significance of Islam in the context of religious life to which it has ...