<![CDATA[This systematic narrative review aims to develop an FRC-based taxonomic classification of sports sensors according to application domains, sensing modalities, and structural integration approaches, to critically evaluate DSP methodologies with regard to the non-stationary and resource-constrained characteristics of sports signal environments, to examine wireless communication frameworks in light of the dynamic mobility and power consumption demands of real-world athletic applications and to systematically identify research gaps arising from cross-domain interfaces. This systematic narrative review synthesizes 246 references using the systematic narrative review methodology. Three critical interaction mechanisms were identified and quantified: a mismatch in the elastic modulus between the embedded sensor and the anisotropic composite substrate introduces systematic signal distortion that reduces the accuracy of DSP feature extraction by 5–20% under off-axis loading conditions, the electromagnetic shielding of CFRP laminates attenuates 2.4 GHz wireless signals by 20–45 dB, reducing the effective communication range by 60–80% relative to free-space benchmarks; and computational constraints of embedded processors create a three-way coupling between algorithm complexity, hardware selection, and protocol specifications—which have not yet been formalized as a joint optimization problem. The contributions of this research include evidence-based design guidelines that can be directly applied in the development of FRC sports sensors, and a structured research agenda that prioritizes cross-domain co-design methodologies, autonomous sensing architectures, and privacy-preserving federated learning frameworks.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
