<![CDATA[This study analyzes the dynamics of bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Saudi Arabia regarding Hajj pilgrimage operations following the transfer of authority from the Ministry of Religious Affairs to the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah on September 8, 2025. This institutional transformation represents a strategic effort by the Indonesian government to enhance the effectiveness and specialization of Hajj management—an increasingly complex task in the era of Saudi Vision 2030. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, relying on literature reviews and document analysis to identify patterns of change and policy implications. The theoretical framework utilizes bilateral diplomacy theory and institutional change theory to understand the dynamics of the relationship between the two nations. Research findings indicate that Saudi Arabia’s response to Indonesia's structural changes has been adaptive and pragmatic, reflected in the adjustment of bilateral coordination mechanisms and a willingness to provide capacity-building support. This transformation opens up strategic economic opportunities within the Hajj and Umrah sectors, particularly in halal food, catering services, and digital Sharia banking. However, the success of the transformation hinges on the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, the strengthening of institutional capacity, and the development of a bilateral coordination system that is responsive to the policy dynamics of Saudi Arabia within the framework of Saudi Vision 2030.]]>
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