INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Current issue 11

Economic Consequences of Malnutrition among Under-five Children on Households: New Insights from South-South of Nigeria

Charles Dabbie Elele (Delta State University)
Titus Olufemi Awogbemi (Delta State University)



Article Info

Publish Date
29 Aug 2026

Abstract

Purpose – Analyzing the impact of direct healthcare costs, indirect burdens, and coping strategies associated with childhood malnutrition on household economic well-being in South-South Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative survey-based study was conducted involving 363 households with children under five across six states in the South-South region of Nigeria. The data were analyzed using multiple regression. Originality – It presents recent (2025) micro-level empirical evidence that integrates medical expenditures, productivity losses, and household recovery responses within a single framework in the South-South region of Nigeria. Findings and Discussion – Direct Healthcare Costs ($X_1$): Had a significant negative effect ($\beta = -0.054$; $p = 0.044$). Out-of-pocket medical payments substantially depleted savings and worsened the family's economic situation. Indirect Costs ($X_2$): Had a positive but non-significant effect ($\beta = 0.080$; $p = 0.054$). The loss of caregivers' working days was offset by informal support or side jobs. Coping Strategies ($X_3$): Had a positive but non-significant effect ($\beta = 0.079$; $p = 0.507$). Debt and reduced food intake provided only temporary liquidity relief rather than long-term economic resilience. Conclusion – Malnutrition among toddlers places a significant strain on household finances due to high direct medical costs. Coping mechanisms such as informal loans fail to provide long-term recovery solutions; therefore, the government needs to implement community-based health insurance and microcredit schemes. Keywords – Malnutrition, Economic Consequence, Under-five children, Regression, Nigeria

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijemr

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

Description

The main subjects for economics cover national macroeconomic issues, international economic issues, interactions of national and regional economies, microeconomics and macroeconomics policies. The journal also considers thought-leading substantive research in the finance discipline. The main ...