Factors Affecting The Incidence Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) In Women Of Childbearing Age: A Literature Review

Erica Nur Hidayah (Undergraduate and Professional Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia)
Noveri Aisyaroh (Undergraduate and Professional Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia)

International Journal of Health, Engineering and Technology
Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 3 SEPTEMBER 2026

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to a hormonal disorder that is commonly found in women of childbearing age. PCOS can cause anovulation and difficulty having offspring due to the presence of small cysts with a diameter of 4-9mm along the ovaries. PCOS cases in women of childbearing age not only have a physical impact but also have an impact on the psychological of the sufferer. This literature review study aims to identify the main factors that affect the incidence of PCOS in women of childbearing age. This article utilizes the literature review method, data search is carried out through the Google Scholar and Pubmed databases published in 2020 to 2025, the number of articles reviewed is 10 articles. Based on the analysis of 10 articles, the results were obtained that the main factors that affect PCOS include lifestyle, menstrual cycle disorders, obesity, depression, family history, insulin resistance and hyperandrogens. These findings suggest that a good lifestyle can minimize metabolic disorders in people with PCOS. However, the results of these findings state that depression is not the main factor of PCOS but depression is one of the effects of PCOS.