Pengaruh Penambahan Kapur Barus pada Bahan Bakar Bensin terhadap Prestasi dan Emisi Mesin Bensin

Rahmat Hidayat (Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Makassar)
Suyuti Suyuti (Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Makassar)
Barokah Barokah (Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Bitung)
Rahman Raising (Politeknik Maritim AMI Makassar (POLIMARIM))

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): Agustus 2026

This study aims to analyze the effect of adding camphor or naphthalene to gasoline on the performance and exhaust emissions of a gasoline engine. An experimental method was applied using a single-cylinder, four-stroke Enduro XL gasoline engine with camphor concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were conducted at engine speeds of 1,200, 1,400, 1,600, 1,800, and 2,000 rpm. The parameters analyzed included calorific value, fuel density, effective shaft power, fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, and carbon monoxide emissions. The results showed that increasing the camphor concentration reduced the fuel calorific value from 12,347 kcal/kg to 6,306 kcal/kg and increased the density from 750 kg/m³ to 780 kg/m³. The addition of camphor tended to increase effective shaft power and reduce measured fuel consumption. However, carbon monoxide emissions increased significantly, particularly at camphor concentrations of 20–30% and at low engine speeds. At 1,200 rpm, CO emissions increased from 0.7% for pure gasoline to 8.7% for the 30% camphor mixture. Therefore, camphor addition creates a trade-off between improved engine performance and deteriorating exhaust emission quality. High camphor concentrations are not recommended, while concentrations of 5–10% require further testing to assess their technical effectiveness, environmental impact, and long-term effects on engine components.