<![CDATA[The efficacy of large-scale public health interventions, such as Indonesia’s Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) program, relies heavily on the precise identification of vulnerable regions. Conventional clustering techniques like K-means are essential for such mapping but frequently suffer from performance degradation due to sensitivity to random centroid initialization, leading to suboptimal and unstable solutions. This study proposes a sequential hybrid metaheuristic framework (K-means+GAPSO) that synergizes the broad global exploration of genetic algorithms (GA) with the rapid local exploitation of particle swarm optimization (PSO). The proposed model was rigorously validated using the Indonesian National Nutrition Dataset (2021–2023) through 10 independent runs to ensure stochastic robustness. Computational results at the optimal cluster count (K = 3) demonstrated that the K-means+GAPSO (prob = 0.3) configuration significantly outperformed the standard baselines, achieving a highly stable silhouette mean of 0.7130 (±0.0036) and a Davies-Bouldin index mean of 0.4708 (±0.0178). This metric achievement represents a substantial performance improvement in separation and compactness compared to standard K-means. The implementation of this structurally robust method for nutritional clustering provides a reliable analytical foundation for policymakers to accurately target food security initiatives and minimize resource misallocation.]]>
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