<![CDATA[Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia contribute 60.5% to the national GDP and employ 96.9% of the workforce, positioning them as the cornerstone of the national economy. Strengthening MSME performance is thus critical to accelerating economic development and escaping the middle-income trap on the path toward Golden Indonesia 2045. This research aims to explore the extent to which MSME network structures (density and centrality) enhance access to government support and, in turn, optimize organizational resources and performance. A quantitative research approach was employed, targeting micro-enterprises operating near train stations in major Indonesian cities (Jakarta–Bogor and Medan). Data were collected from 130 eligible respondents through an online survey. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS. The findings reveal that network centrality has a positive and significant effect on access to government support, while network density does not. Government support significantly influences resource optimization, which in turn strongly affects MSME performance. However, the direct effects of network density, network centrality, and government support on performance are insignificant, indicating that resource optimization mediates the relationship. These findings suggest that MSMEs should focus on strengthening their centrality within networks, rather than relying solely on communal ties, to secure government support that enhances resource utilization and performance outcomes. Policymakers are advised to design support programs that are accessible, needs-based, and complemented by capacity-building initiatives.]]>
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