Clinical Profile of Burkholderia cepacia complex and Its Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Sandi Dwi Prasetyo (Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.)
Eko Budi Koendhori (Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.)
Musofa Rusli (Departement of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.)
Pepy Dwi Endraswari (Indonesian Society for Clinical Microbiology (PAMKI) Surabaya Chapter, Surabaya, Indonesia.)

JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Vol. 17 No. 2 (2026): IN-PROGRESS ISSUE (AUGUST 2026)

Highlights: Most Bcc-positive patients were adult females with pneumonia. Burkholderia cepacia complex showed resistance to many antibiotics, including reserve-group antibiotics. Burkholderia cepacia complex remains susceptible to Cotrimoxazole, Ceftazidime, and Tigecycline.   Abstract Introduction: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of Gram-negative bacteria that can cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised people. Its infections are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. However, due to the low priority given to this pathogen, guidelines at both national and international levels remain limited. Furthermore, Bcc has developed dynamic resistance to various antibiotics, which requires periodic evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Methods: This was a descriptive study using a retrospective approach, based on medical record data from Bcc-positive patients (n=89) at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2022. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Microsoft Excel 2024 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among the 89 Bcc-positive patients, most were adults (57.3%) and females (50.56%), with pneumonia being the most common primary diagnosis (8.99%). A significant proportion of patients (40.45%) showed clinical improvement after treatment. Ceftriaxone (37.08%) was the most frequently used empirical therapy. Urine specimens (44.94%) were the most common source of Bcc isolates. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Ampicillin, Ampicillin-sulbactam, Imipenem, Colistin, Nitrofurantoin, Piperacillin, and Cefazolin showed the highest resistance rates (100%) to Bcc. Meanwhile, Bcc isolates exhibited the highest susceptibility to Cotrimoxazole (68%), Ceftazidime (58%), and Tigecycline (58%). Conclusion: This study found that most Bcc-positive patients were adult females with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia. Bcc showed resistance to various antibiotics, with Cotrimoxazole showing the highest susceptibility rate.