This study develops a lathe machine inspection standard based on critical component analysis and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) to support preventive maintenance. A mixed-method approach was applied through observations, interviews, and historical failure data analysis of the CW 62110B lathe at PT Bahari Makmur Sejahtera from March 2025 to April 2026. Critical components were identified based on failure frequency, downtime, production impact, and maintenance complexity. The results identified six critical components with an MTBF of 220.8 operating hours. The proposed inspection standard defines inspection parameters, methods, inspection frequency, and maintenance actions, and was validated using historical failure data and the principles of ISO 17359:2018.
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