<![CDATA[Rice husk waste is an abundant agricultural residue with potential as a raw material for bio-based materials. This study aimed to develop an active bio-based film from rice husk cellulose incorporated with papaya seed extract and zinc oxide (ZnO) and to evaluate its physical characteristics, water absorption, biodegradability, and antibacterial activity. A laboratory experimental design was employed using four formulations (F1–F4) with varying concentrations of papaya seed extract (0.97–6.25%) and ZnO (0.97–3.57%). The data were analyzed descriptively based on the characterization results of each formulation. The results showed that all formulations produced bio-based films with a uniform pale-yellow appearance, relatively smooth surfaces, and no visible cracks or air bubbles. The pH values ranged from 6 to 7, while water absorption after a 14-day test ranged from 40% to 50%. The biodegradability test showed that F1, F2, and F4 achieved 100% degradation within 24 hours, whereas F3 showed 89% degradation. Based on a descriptive comparison of the evaluated characteristics, F4 was selected for antibacterial testing because it showed a favorable combination of properties. F4 produced an inhibition zone of 13.5 ± 0.62 mm against Escherichia coli, which was classified as strong antibacterial activity. These findings indicate that the rice husk cellulose-based film incorporating papaya seed extract and ZnO has potential for development as a biodegradable active packaging material.]]>
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