<![CDATA[This study examines how management maturity shapes social inclusion-based library transformation (TPBIS) and community literacy across six village and urban-village libraries in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative multi-site case study was conducted from May to June 2026. Data were obtained from 48 purposively selected informants through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document review, and were analyzed through interactive data condensation, data display, conclusion drawing, and verification. Trustworthiness was strengthened through source and method triangulation and member checking. The findings reveal a transformation maturity continuum. Nuwair, GERMAS, Gembira, and AMANAH libraries have shifted from collection-centered services toward more accessible, participatory, empowering, innovative, inclusive, and partnership-based services, although their levels of managerial maturity differ. Lestari Dutohe Barat remains in a readiness phase, while Padengo is closer to a conventional model. Across sites, community-needs-based planning, collaborative organization, adaptive service delivery, and monitoring and evaluation determine whether library resources become meaningful literacy services. More mature transformation is associated with broader information access, increased library use, knowledge and skills development, community participation, and functional use of information for education, health, digital activities, social life, and livelihoods. The study’s empirical contribution is a maturity-continuum perspective showing that TPBIS should not be treated as a binary status. Library transformation is better understood as a staged management process linking inputs, management functions, TPBIS dimensions, service outputs, and community-literacy outcomes.]]>
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