Molecular detection of VGSC and Ace-1 mutations in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) from Dumai Seaport, Indonesia

Khairil Ardhi (Dumai Port Health Quarantine Office, Ministry of Health, Jalan Datuk Laksamana, Dumai City, Riau 28814, Indonesia)
Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)
Sitti Rahmah Umniyati (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia
Vol 23 No 2 (2026): July

The geographic distribution of mosquitoes, including Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), the primary vector of dengue, is strongly influenced by international and intercity transportation. This study aimed to assess insecticide resistance status and to identify mutations in the VGSC (Nav) and Ace-1 genes in Ae. aegypti populations collected in Dumai port, Indonesia. Adult female mosquitoes were tested for resistance to permethrin, deltamethrin, and malathion using WHO standard bioassay methods. Point mutations were detected through PCR amplification and sequencing. The results showed resistance to pyrethroids (permethrin and deltamethrin), while susceptibility to malathion was maintained. Three kdr mutations (F1534C, V1016G, and S989P) were identified; however, no Ace-1 mutation (G119S) was detected. These findings highlight the importance of continuous resistance monitoring, particularly in high-risk transportation hubs, to support effective vector control strategies.