Digital Transformation in Land Administration: Implementation and Legal Analysis of Electronic Land Certificates in Indonesia

Nugraha Pranadita (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)
Muhammad Dwi Yuliandy (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)
Nelawati Nelawati (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)
Erika Srie Mustika (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)
Rezky Muliamarta (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)
Mikael Irfan Limbong (Fakultas Hukum Universitas Langlang Buana)

DE'RECHTSSTAAT
Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL HUKUM DE' RECHTSSTAAT

Electronic Land Certificates represent an innovation in Indonesia’s land registration system to address the weaknesses of conventional paper-based certificates, which are vulnerable to loss, forgery, and disputes. This policy is regulated under Ministerial Regulation of ATR/BPN No. 1 of 2021 as part of public service digital transformation. This study examines the implementation of Electronic Land Certificates from a normative juridical perspective, focusing on the legal basis, issuance mechanism, and implementation challenges. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that Electronic Land Certificates have legal validity equivalent to conventional certificates and can enhance legal certainty, efficiency, and transparency in land administration, despite challenges related to infrastructure, cybersecurity, and public acceptance.