<![CDATA[Abstract: Pneumonia is an acute respiratory tract infection that remains a public health problem in many countries. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among vulnerable groups such as infants and the elderly. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors contributing to pneumonia in infants. A cross-sectional study design was used in this research. The study was conducted in the service area of the Muara Bangka Hulu Community Health Center (Puskesmas). The study was carried out in July 2025. The sample consisted of 85 participants. Purposive sampling was used. A research questionnaire served as the data collection instrument. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods. The results indicated an association between immunization history (p-value: 0.042) and family smoking habits (p-value: 0.002) with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers. It is recommended that health workers consistently enhance health education through outreach programs that provide information or guidance on pneumonia in toddlers to improve the community’s health status.Keywords: Toddlers, Family Smoking Habits, Pneumonia.]]>
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