<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of various pre-employment training models in improving the employability of vocational graduates. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, reviewing 263 articles from Google Scholar and identifying 16 primary studies. The synthesis indicates that effective pre-employment training consists of four major components: soft-skills enhancement, career coaching and mentoring, personal development, and digital portfolio preparation. The integration of these components has been shown to strengthen students’ work readiness, self-confidence, and independence in entering the industrial workforce. These findings are expected to serve as a foundation for developing a more comprehensive and adaptive pre-employment training model aligned with the needs of the digital-based labor market in vocational education. ]]>
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