<![CDATA[This study aims to explore various passive design strategies to improve thermal comfort in typical dormitory designs for elementary school students in Makassar Regency, a region characterized by a tropical humid climate. By considering microclimatic conditions and the specific needs of child users, the study reviews innovations in local materials, natural ventilation systems, and bio-climatic adaptations such as shading vegetation and urban farming concepts. A literature review of recent studies (2021-2026) was conducted to identify best practices and research gaps in the application of passive design in dormitory buildings. Results indicate that integrating effective thermal materials, cross ventilation, stack ventilation, and bio-climatic elements significantly reduces indoor temperatures and enhances thermal comfort without additional energy loads. Furthermore, addressing the specific thermal perception of children highlights the need for more sensitive design approaches tailored to their requirements. Innovative recommendations for Makassar’s context include the use of modified Trombe walls with local materials and hybrid passive-active ventilation systems powered by renewable energy. This study contributes valuable insights towards developing comfortable, energy-efficient, and sustainable school dormitories in tropical regions of Indonesia.]]>
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