Indonesian Journal of International Relations
Vol 10 No 2 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

The Evolving Concepts of War and Warfare: Generational Paradigms and Iran-US (Israel) Wars

Javed Zafar (karabuk university)



Article Info

Publish Date
29 Aug 2026

Abstract

This study analyzes the conceptual evolution of generational warfare (1GW–5GW) and tests its operational limits in direct state-on-state confrontations. Employing a four-dimensional generational analytical framework and a qualitative case study method, this research evaluates the US–Israeli operations (Operation Rising Lion) against Iran and Iran's asymmetric response (Operation True Promise). The findings demonstrate that while 5GW and postmodern strategies successfully achieve leadership decapitation and cognitive perception manipulation, they fail to force absolute political surrender. Conversely, Iran's massive ballistic missile counter-strikes demonstrate the enduring power of kinetic deterrence in neutralizing non-kinetic dominance. The study concludes that a "paradigm convergence" has occurred, wherein high-level non-kinetic coercion and asymmetric kinetic firepower mutually limit each other. These findings redefine the dynamics of modern warfare between sovereign states

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

ijir

Publisher

Subject

Social Sciences

Description

IJIR is a scientific journal focuses on the issues of states relations both in the regional and international scope. Mostly on, but not limited to, Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region. IJIR is published by and served as the official journal of the International Relations National Association ...