<![CDATA[Depression is a serious mental health problem among older adults, especially in social care facilities. This study examines the hypothesis that cognitive function and neuroticism personality are associated with depression among older adults residing in a nursing home, a relationship that remains rarely investigated within the Indonesian institutional context. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 38 older adults aged 60 to 85 years, selected from an initial population of 373 residents through a total sampling approach after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Depression was measured using the GDS-15. Cognitive function was measured using the MoCA-Ina. Neuroticism personality was measured using the BFI-2. Bivariate associations were assessed using Pearson's correlation test. This study found that the majority of respondents did not experience depression (65.8%), although the mean cognitive function score was below the normal threshold (18.58 ± 6.77). There was no significant relationship between cognitive function and depression levels (r = -0.038; 95% CI -0.353 to 0.285; p = 0.821). There was a significant positive correlation between neuroticism personality and depression levels (r = 0.524; 95% CI 0.246 to 0.723; p < 0.001). In summary, neuroticism personality was significantly associated with depression level among institutionalized older adults, whereas cognitive function was not. Neuroticism may therefore be a more relevant psychological marker of depression risk than cognitive status in this population; further studies directly measuring psychosocial and spiritual variables are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the non-significant cognitive-depression association.]]>
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