Comparative study of MPPT algorithm on photovoltaic string under partial shading

Dikpride Despa (University of Lampung)
Gigih Forda Nama (University of Lampung)
Zulmiftahul Huda (University of Lampung)
Stefanus Debiarto Marudut Sagala (University of Lampung)

International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
Vol 15, No 3: September 2026

Partial shading significantly degrades the photovoltaic (PV) performance value by introducing multiple peaks in power voltage (P-V) curve, complicating maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This research aims to presents a systematic comparative study of 4 MPPT algorithms, that are i) perturb and observe (P&O), ii) incremental conductance (InC), iii) particle swarm optimization (PSO), and iv) flower pollination algorithm (FPA), under 6 systematically testbeds modeled irradiance scenarios. The evaluation focused on tracking accuracy, convergence speed, and also robustness against local maxima entrapment. The findings indicated that slope-based algorithms (P&O and InC algorithm) achieved rapid convergence (