International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
Vol 15, No 3: September 2026

Design and build charging system tools in hybrid power plants with pico-hydro turbine cross flow and solar panels using buck boost converter based on PID controller

Yulianta Siregar (Universitas Sumatera Utara)
Christian Kevin Imanuel Simarmata (Universitas Sumatera Utara)
Issarachai Ngamroo (King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL))



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Sep 2026

Abstract

Indonesia itself has a potential for water energy of up to 75,091 MW, spread across the country, but its utilization has only reached around 7.2%. In addition, Indonesia's location in the equatorial region provides it with an average of 8-10 hours of solar radiation per day, with a potential solar energy output of 4.80 kWh/m2/day. However, utilizing two or more new and renewable energy sources poses challenges for synchronising sources from different plants. For this reason, the methodology of this research is to design a charging system for a hybrid power plant, a wind turbine, an air crossflow, and a 50 Wp solar panel on a battery using a non-inverting buck-boost converter, with Arduino Mega2560 as the control logic centre. The PID control parameters were determined through trial and error, with Kp = 0.8, Ki = 0.04, and Kd = 0.002. The voltage is set to 14.4 V, and the hybrid system maintains a stable voltage at 14.263 V with an average error of 1.243%. The system can charge the battery optimally. It is recorded that it takes 3 hours to charge the battery.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

IJAPE

Publisher

Subject

Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Description

International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) focuses on the applied works in the areas of power generation, transmission and distribution, sustainable energy, applications of power control in large power systems, etc. The main objective of IJAPE is to bring out the latest practices in ...