Implementation of Temporary Procedures and Minimum Standards for Countries That Do Not Ratify the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol: Penerapan Temporary Prtoection dan Standar Minimum Bagi Negara yang Tidak Meratifikasi Konvensi 1951 dan Protokol 1967

Pattiasina, Syenie Angel
Wattimena, Josina Augustina Yvonne
Hanafi, Irma Halima

PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): JULY

Introduction: The increasing flow of international refugees due to armed conflict and human rights violations poses challenges for countries that are not participants in the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, including Indonesia as a transit country. Purposes of the Research: This study examines the implementation of temporary protection by non-party countries and its relation to the fulfillment of minimum human rights standards for international refugees. Methods of the Research: Through descriptive-prescriptive normative legal methods with legal and comparative approaches, it was found that. Results Main Findings of the Research: It was found that temporary protection can be applied by non-party states based on the principle of non-refoulement which is customary international law. There is a close link between temporary protection and the fulfillment of minimum human rights standards; failure to comply with it can be considered a violation of international law. This study suggests the establishment of a national legal framework in Indonesia to regulate international refugees and guarantee their basic rights.