Jurnal Masyarakat Informatika
Vol 17, No 2 (2026): November 2026 (Ongoing Issue)

Enhancing Brain Tumor Classification on Mildly Imbalanced Datasets Using Categorical Focal Cross-Entropy

Muhammad Naufal (Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro)
Harun Al Azies (Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro)
Farrikh Alzami (Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro)
Novita Kurnia Ningrum (Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro)
Rivaldo Mersis Brilianto (School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University)
Pratidina Kusuma Dewi (Anugrah General Hospital)



Article Info

Publish Date
09 Sep 2026

Abstract

Brain tumor is a dangerous disease that requires accurate diagnosis, but medical datasets often suffer from class imbalance, resulting in bias in deep learning-based classification models. This study proposes using Categorical Focal Cross Entropy (CFCE) in a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to address this issue by comparing it with Categorical Cross-Entropy (CCE). CFCE is designed to emphasize minority class samples and hard-to-classify examples, thereby reducing the dominance of the majority class. Experiments were conducted on a brain tumor dataset with class imbalance, where the CNN model with CFCE achieved 84.57% accuracy, 83.57% precision, 85.27% recall, and 83.97% F1-score, outperforming the model with CCE (81.30% accuracy, 81.77% precision, 82.83% recall, and 81.15% F1-score). These results show that Focal Loss effectively improves the classification performance on imbalanced data, with a better ability to detect brain tumors, especially in the minority class. This study contributes to developing a more robust and reliable deep learning-based diagnosis system for medical applications.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

jmasif

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT

Description

JURNAL MASYARAKAT INFORMATIKA - JMASIF is a Journal published by the Department of Informatics, Universitas Diponegoro invites lecturers, researchers, students (Bachelor, Master, and Doctoral) as well as practitioners in the field of computer science and informatics to contribute to JMASIF in the ...