Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring pH Air Laut dan Ballast pada Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) Berbasis Internet of Things

Moch Izzat Sepviego Al Zandy (Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya)
Sonhaji Sonhaji (Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya)
Akhmad Kasan Gupron (Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya)

Ocean Engineering: Jurnal Ilmu Teknik dan Teknologi Maritim
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Ocean Engineering : Jurnal Ilmu Teknik dan Teknologi Maritim

This study presents the development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system for seawater pH and ballast water level on an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV). The increasing use of USVs in maritime operations requires a monitoring system capable of observing environmental conditions and vessel stability in real time. The proposed system integrates an ESP32 microcontroller, an Analog DFRobot pH sensor, and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. Sensor data are transmitted using the MQTT protocol through a Wi-Fi network and visualized on a Node-RED dashboard. Experimental results demonstrate that the developed system successfully acquires, transmits, and displays seawater pH and ballast water level data in real time. The integration of both monitoring parameters within a single IoT platform provides an effective solution for supporting autonomous maritime operations and environmental monitoring.