<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the paradox of Islamic banking performance, as reflected in the imbalance between the Profit Sharing Ratio (PSR)—an indicator of economic performance—and the Zakat Performance Ratio (ZPR)—an indicator of social performance—from the perspective of Maqashid Sharia. The background of this study is based on the empirical phenomenon of low and uneven ZPR amid an increase in PSR at some Islamic banks, which indicates that the integration of profit and social welfare objectives is not yet optimal. Theoretically, this study is grounded in Maqashid Sharia, which emphasizes a balance between the protection of wealth (hifz al-mal) and the public interest, and is supported by theories of legitimacy and stakeholder analysis in explaining social demands on Islamic financial institutions. The research method employed is a quantitative approach using panel data analysis of Islamic banks in Indonesia for the 2020–2024 period, utilizing a regression model to test the relationship between PSR and ZPR. The results of this study are expected to reveal the existence of a performance paradox and contribute to the development of a more comprehensive performance measurement model for Islamic banks based on the values of Maqashid]]>
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