IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA)
Vol 15, No 3: September 2026

Zeroing neurodynamics proportional-integral-derivative controller for order-2 system: design, analysis, and verification

Yunong Zhang (Sun Yat-sen University)
Junyan Liu (Sun Yat-sen University)
Zhonghua Li (Sun Yat-sen University)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Sep 2026

Abstract

This paper presents a zeroing neurodynamics proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for an order-2 single-input single-output (SISO) affine-in-control nonlinear system. The controller is derived from zeroing neurodynamics (ZN) and reformulates PID gains through ZN parameters, establishing an explicit correspondence to the closed-loop poles of the error dynamics. This enables systematic pole placement for stability and performance tuning, eliminating empirical trial-and-error. Theoretical analysis proves exponential convergence of the tracking error. The inverted pendulum, a benchmark system with strong geometric nonlinearity, is used to verify the controller. Simulations with large initial offsets and constant references show that the proposed controller maintains stable tracking in operating conditions where the conventional PID controller exhibits substantial performance degradation. The resulting framework provides a model-based and theoretically grounded alternative for nonlinear control.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

IJRA

Publisher

Subject

Automotive Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Description

Robots are becoming part of people's everyday social lives and will increasingly become so. In future years, robots may become caretaker assistants for the elderly, or academic tutors for our children, or medical assistants, day care assistants, or psychological counselors. Robots may become our ...