THE EFFECT OF FRICTION TIME ON THE HARDNESS OF S45C STEEL USING FRICTION WELDING

Pebriana Tanzilal
Nani Mulyaningsih (UNTIDAR)
Dimas A Halim (UNTIDAR)

Trends in Mechanical Engineering Research
2026: ARTICLE IN PRESS

This study aims to analyze the effect of friction time on the hardness of S45C steel joints using the friction welding method. The welding process was carried out with friction time variations of 9 s, 12 s, and 15 s, and rotational speeds of 1200 RPM and 1400 RPM under a constant pressure of 15 MPa. The main test conducted was the Vickers hardness test with a load of 10 kgf on the friction side and heat affected zone. The results show that at 1200 RPM, increasing the friction time leads to an increase in hardness, with the highest value of 288.1 HV obtained at 15 s. At 1400 RPM, the increase in friction time does not show a consistent trend due to excessive heat. The hardness values at the friction side are generally higher than those in the heat affected zone for all parameter variations. These findings indicate that friction time and rotational speed influence the hardness distribution, with the optimal condition achieved at 1200 RPM and 15 s of friction time.