<![CDATA[Introduction: Tax avoidance remains an important issue because corporate tax avoidance practices may reduce potential state tax revenues. This study aims to examine the effect of capital intensity, inventory intensity, institutional ownership, and concentrated ownership on tax avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2021–2023.Methods: This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from annual reports and financial statements of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was selected using purposive sampling and consisted of 86 companies, resulting in 258 firm-year observations. Tax avoidance is measured using the Cash Effective Tax Rate, and the data are analyzed using multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.Results: The results indicate that capital intensity, inventory intensity, institutional ownership, and concentrated ownership simultaneously have a significant effect on tax avoidance, with an F-statistic of 29.184 and a significance level of 0.000. Partially, capital intensity has a significant negative effect on Cash Effective Tax Rate with a significance level of 0.004, inventory intensity has a significant negative effect with a significance level of 0.005, and concentrated ownership has a significant negative effect with a significance level of 0.023. In contrast, institutional ownership has a significant positive effect on Cash Effective Tax Rate with a significance level of 0.005.Conclusion and suggestion: The study concludes that investment characteristics and ownership structures play an important role in influencing corporate tax avoidance. Capital intensity, inventory intensity, and concentrated ownership are associated with higher tax avoidance, while institutional ownership tends to reduce tax avoidance through stronger managerial monitoring. Therefore, companies are encouraged to strengthen corporate governance and manage assets and inventories effectively while maintaining tax compliance. The government, particularly the tax authority, is also encouraged to strengthen monitoring of companies with specific investment and ownership characteristics. Keywords: Tax Avoidance; Capital Intensity; Inventory Intensity; Institutional Ownership; Concentrated Ownership.]]>
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