<![CDATA[This research is based on a significant transition in the Indonesian criminal justice system, as evidenced by the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The new Criminal Code represents a fundamental shift from a retributive approach to a restorative one, which focuses more on resolving disputes outside the courts and improving social balance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of restorative justice as strengthened and implemented in the provisions of the new Criminal Code, and to explain the challenges faced in implementing it. This research method is qualitative, examining normative law and legislative approaches. The results and discussion indicate that Article 51 of the new Criminal Code provides a solid legal basis for restorative justice through its clear recognition of conflict resolution and recovery. However, the implementation of this restorative justice principle faces several serious problems, such as the lack of derivative regulations, the possibility of conflicting norms with the principle of legality, differences in application across regions, the possibility of discrimination based on socio-economic status, and suboptimal protection of victims' rights. Therefore, this study concludes that strategic and swift action is needed in creating derivative regulations, drafting Government Regulations expeditiously and comprehensively, synchronizing them with the Criminal Procedure Code and other sectoral regulations, and changing the legal culture through ongoing socialization and education. All of these efforts are crucial to achieving substantial justice in Indonesia's criminal system, which focuses on social recovery and reconciliation.]]>
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