<![CDATA[Orofacial clefts (OFC) are among the most common craniofacial malformations, significantly affecting oral function, facial aesthetics, and quality of life. Neural crest cells (NCCs) play a role in craniofacial development, and disruptions in their behavior are closely linked to the pathogenesis of OFCs. This study employed a narrative literature review approach. This narrative review was conducted using articles from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, focusing on NCCs, craniofacial development, cleft lip, cleft palate, and orofacial clefts. NCCs are essential for forming craniofacial bones, cartilage, connective tissue, and palatal mesenchyme. Disruptions in their specification, migration, or differentiation, influenced by genetic, epigenetic, or environmental factors, can impair facial fusion, leading to cleft lip and/or palate. Evidence from molecular studies and clinical observations supports NCC dysfunction as a central mechanism in OFCs. Neural crest cells are fundamental to craniofacial morphogenesis, and their dysregulation is a key factor in orofacial clefts. Insights into NCC biology may guide improved risk assessment, preventive strategies, and targeted therapeutic approaches, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary management for affected individuals.]]>
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