<![CDATA[Indonesia's rapid expansion of nickel mining and processing has positioned the country as a major actor in the global energy-transition economy. North Maluku has become an important center of nickel-related investment, but accelerated industrial development has also generated concerns concerning environmental degradation, land access, livelihoods, and community participation. This article examines the human rights implications of nickel development in North Maluku. Using normative juridical and policy analysis, the study evaluates mining regulation, environmental governance, community participation, land rights, and corporate responsibilities. The article argues that the economic importance of nickel for Indonesia's industrial strategy should not reduce the level of protection afforded to communities affected by mining and processing activities. A rights-based approach requires meaningful participation, access to environmental information, protection of livelihoods, environmental safeguards, and effective remedies. The study proposes a human rights due diligence framework for mining and downstream industrial projects that incorporates community consultation, cumulative impact assessment, transparent monitoring, and accessible grievance mechanisms. The article concludes that Indonesia's energy-transition strategy should integrate human rights protections into resource governance to ensure that the costs of green industrialization are not disproportionately borne by local communities.]]>
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