<![CDATA[Preoperative anxiety is a typical psychological response that may negatively affect surgical outcomes and patient recovery. Non-pharmacological interventions are increasingly used to complement standard care and reduce anxiety levels. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined slow deep breathing and virtual reality intervention in reducing preoperative anxiety. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed, involving 92 surgical patients at a central operating installation. Participants were divided into an intervention group that received the combined therapy and a control group that received standard care. Pre- and post-intervention anxiety levels were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test to compare anxiety scores within and between groups. The findings demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety in the intervention group and a marked difference compared to the control group. These results highlight the potential of combining slow deep breathing and virtual reality as a practical, low-risk approach to managing preoperative anxiety in clinical practice, supporting the integration of non-pharmacological therapies in perioperative nursing care.]]>
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