<![CDATA[Indonesia's high disaster vulnerability demands educational approaches that strengthen long-term community resilience. However, disaster education in pesantren remains predominantly characterized by reactive, technical, and fear-based pedagogies that encourage compliance rather than sustainable ecological responsibility. This study reconstructs disaster education through Sufi environmental ethics by proposing a shift from narratives of divine punishment toward khalifah-centered ecological stewardship. Using a narrative review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2020 and 2025 and retrieved through Google Scholar, the study synthesizes theological concepts, pedagogical approaches, and implementation dynamics related to disaster education in Indonesian pesantren. The synthesis indicates that integrating Sufi environmental ethics—including tawhid, khalifah, mizan, mahabbah, and qana'ah—provides a coherent conceptual foundation for reconstructing disaster education through contemplative learning, experiential ecological engagement, and critical theological reflection. The proposed "Beyond Fear, Toward Khalifah" framework offers a pedagogical model that has the potential to strengthen intrinsic environmental responsibility, ecological stewardship, and community resilience beyond fear-driven compliance. Practically, the framework provides culturally grounded guidance for kyai, educators, and policymakers in developing disaster education that is adaptable to diverse pesantren contexts. Theoretically, this study contributes to the advancement of disaster education by integrating Sufi environmental ethics into a coherent pedagogical framework that supports spiritually grounded and culturally responsive disaster risk reduction.]]>
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