Human Resource Management (HRM) has undergone significant transformation in recent years due to rapid digitalization and technological advancement, particularly within multinational companies where managing diverse, global workforces requires increasingly sophisticated digital solutions and competencies. Despite the growing importance of digital transformation in HRM, many organizations struggle to effectively adapt their HR practices and develop the necessary digital capabilities among their HR professionals. This literature journal aims to map previous studies that examine the challenges in managing human resources (HR) in the digital era, especially in the context of multinational companies. Through a comprehensive analysis of various literature sources, this study will identify the main challenges faced by HR practitioners and explore the strategies that have been implemented to overcome these problems. As such, it is hoped that the results of this study can provide significant contributions to the development of HR management theory and practice in the increasingly complex digital era.
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