Referensi Islamika: Jurnal Studi Islam
Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): AUGUST

Ijtihad in the age of disruption: How Indonesian ulama apply Al-Qur'an and As-Sunnah to contemporary legal challenges: A systematic literature review

Xavier Halim (Universitas Islam Jakarta)
Sahiruddin Sahiruddin (Universitas Islam Jakarta)
Muhammad Arskal Salim GP (Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta)
Surya Madya (Universitas Islam Jakarta)
Yanti Rostianti (Universitas Islam Jakarta)



Article Info

Publish Date
17 Sep 2026

Abstract

This study systematically maps Scopus-indexed scholarship on Indonesian contemporary ijtihad, examines how the literature characterizes institutional authority and methodological approaches, and identifies understudied areas.  A Systematic Literature Review was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 framework. The review covers peer-reviewed Scopus-indexed scholarship about Indonesian ijtihad rather than fatwa texts or direct records of ulama deliberation. Eight search strings retrieved 312 records from Scopus on 15 January 2025. After deduplication, screening, and eligibility assessment, 27 unique articles were synthesized through thematic analysis.  Four thematic clusters emerged: fatwa authority and institutional legitimacy, digital ijtihad and technological adaptation, maqasid al-shariah as a contemporary legal framework, and emerging legal domains. Maqasid appears as a primary or secondary analytical lens in 18 of 27 articles (67%). The synthesis identifies three major gaps: limited study of ijtihad jama’i in digital-era fatwa production, limited integration of usul al-fiqh with contemporary scientific knowledge, and limited attention to artificial intelligence ethics and environmental governance. The review is limited to English- and Indonesian-language Scopus-indexed articles and excludes SINTA-indexed journals, books, institutional fatwa documents, and grey literature. Its findings describe the state of scholarship rather than the quality of ijtihad practice. This review integrates institutional, methodological, digital, and substantive dimensions of Indonesian contemporary ijtihad scholarship and uses the synthesis to develop a focused research agenda.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

RI

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities

Description

Qur’anic and Hadith Studies Studies on Qur’anic exegesis (tafsir), ulum al-Qur’an, ulum al-hadith, thematic studies, and contemporary approaches to understanding the primary sources of Islamic teachings. Islamic Thought and Philosophy Research on classical and contemporary Islamic thought, ...