The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), edge–cloud computing, and cyber-physical systems has increased the need for an integrated architecture capable of connecting physical sensing with intelligent decision-making and real-world actions. This study aims to formulate an AI-based smart technology ecosystem framework through the convergence of Electrical Engineering and Informatics. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through a conceptual literature review and qualitative synthesis of recent scientific publications related to AIoT, IoT, edge–cloud computing, smart cities, digital twins, cyber-physical systems, and cybersecurity. The findings identify five interdependent functional layers, formulated as the Sensing–Connectivity–Computing & Data–Intelligence–Action (SCCIA) framework. Sensing transforms physical phenomena into digital data; connectivity enables reliable and timely data transmission; computing and data services provide scalable data management and processing; intelligence transforms data into predictions, recommendations, and decisions; while action closes the cyber-physical loop by translating decisions into physical or organizational responses. The study further identifies cybersecurity, interoperability, human oversight, and responsible AI governance as cross-layer requirements. The proposed SCCIA framework provides an integrative conceptual model for designing, evaluating, and developing reliable, interoperable, secure, and responsible AI-based smart technology ecosystems.
Copyrights © 2026