<![CDATA[Steel beam-to-reinforced concrete column connections utilizing embedded plates are critical structural elements in industrial buildings, serving as the medium for force transfer between steel and concrete components. The performance of these connections is significantly influenced by the local behavior of the concrete and the anchorage system, particularly regarding stress distribution and the potential for concrete cracking around the connection. This study aims to analyze the performance of embedded plates in reinforced concrete columns—specifically focusing on stress distribution and concrete cracking patterns around the beam-column connection—using a nonlinear numerical analysis approach. The analysis was conducted using the Component-Based Finite Element Method (CBFEM) via IDEA StatiCa 25 software (Concrete → Detail module) under ultimate limit state (Strength) conditions. Design loads for the factory building were applied locally to the end of the steel beam as axial and shear forces, implementing both live and dead loads. The analysis results show that the principal tensile stress in the concrete (σ₁) is locally concentrated around the embedded ends of the anchors, serving as an early indicator of potential concrete cracking, while the principal compressive stress (σ₃) forms a bearing zone around the embedded plate with values remaining below the concrete's compressive capacity. The analysis shown a maximum tensile stress of -1 MPa and a minimum compressive stress of -8.7 MPa; however, these stress levels remain within the allowable stress criteria for concrete as stated by SNI 2847:2019. These tensile and compressive stresses result in local deformation around the embedded plate. The study shows that the CBFEM approach realistically represents the local behavior of the connection and serves as a viable evaluation tool for the design of steel beam-to-concrete column connections in industrial buildings.]]>
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