<![CDATA[The customary frankincense forest conflict in Pandumaan-Sipituhuta arose from overlapping claims between the customary community's management area and the PT Toba Pulp Lestari concession, reflecting the tenurial conflict problem in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the process and model for conflict resolution through the Social Forestry scheme. For the Toba Batak indigenous community, this conflict is not only related to land protection but also encompasses the recognition of customary law community rights, power relations, and the legitimacy of the customary law system in national forestry governance. When the area was included in the state concession permit, tensions arose that reflected both agrarian conflict and the unequal power relations between the customary community and the state. Using a qualitative case study approach through interviews, documentation, and source triangulation, the research results show that the resolution was achieved through community consolidation, participatory mapping, legal advocacy, multi-stakeholder dialogue, and formal recognition through Ministerial Decree No. SK.5082/MENLHK-PSKL/PKTHA/PSL.1/8/2021. The Social Forestry Scheme not only addresses land conservation but also bridges customary and state legal systems, establishing a collaborative-transformative conflict resolution model based on the recognition of customary rights.]]>
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