<![CDATA[This article explores the legal question of how Indonesia's halal certification framework integrates religious standards into the state legal system while balancing constitutional values, administrative management, and economic considerations. It analyzes the political formation of Indonesia’s halal certification regime and identifies the institutional compromises and distribution of authority underlying its regulatory framework, using statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches. Data were analyzed qualitatively through legislative drafts, parliamentary debates, academic manuscripts, relevant legislation, and institutional documents. The results demonstrate that the government, especially the Indonesian Ulema Council, the Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency, the Halal Inspection Institutions, pertinent ministries, and economic parties, negotiated the regime. The main compromise keeps administrative and religious authority apart: the Institutions perform halal inspections, the Agency organizes and manages halal product assurance, and the Council continues to play a major role in determining halal status through religious fatwas. This approach creates a hybrid regulatory model in which religious authority is not used as an independent regulating body but is instead institutionally integrated into a state-run certification system. According to the study's findings, this approach offers a constitutional way to accommodate religious beliefs without turning Indonesia's multicultural legal system into a legally religious one. To improve legal certainty and the efficacy of halal certification, it suggests enhancing inter-institutional collaboration, defining authority limits, and guaranteeing transparent and accountable procedures.]]>
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