<![CDATA[This study examines the effects of farm profitability, managerial competence, and institutional support on rice productivity and tests the moderating role of information technology access among rice farmers in Tanjung Balai City, Indonesia. The study integrates qualitative and quantitative evidence. Qualitative data from interviews, observations, and documentation were analyzed with NVivo 12, while quantitative data were collected from 103 rice farmers selected through purposive sampling and analyzed using PLS-SEM in SmartPLS 4.0. Farm profitability (β = 0.246; p = 0.017), managerial competence (β = 0.407; p = 0.001), and institutional support (β = 0.187; p = 0.030) positively and significantly affect rice productivity. Information technology access has no significant direct effect (β = 0.151; p = 0.263). It significantly moderates the institutional support-productivity relationship in a negative direction (β = -0.233; p = 0.006), but does not moderate the effects of farm profitability or managerial competence. The model explains 78.4% of the variance in rice productivity. These findings show that digital access creates value when aligned with institutional services and farmers' managerial capacity rather than treated as a stand-alone productivity intervention.]]>
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