<![CDATA[Regional socioeconomic inequality remains a critical development challenge in Indonesia, with significant variations observed in Sumatra, Java-Bali, and other regions. This study conducted a comprehensive methodological comparison between Bayesian and frequentist approaches to test the average differences among three independent regional groups using five economic and social indicators from 2024-2025: Human Development Index (HDI), Gini ratio, poverty rate, unemployment rate, and economic growth. The authors evaluated Bayesian ANOVA against parametric ANOVA F and four nonparametric alternatives, including the Kruskal-Wallis test, permutation test, and median test, by assessing its performance under different assumption violations. Statistical analysis showed that HDI and Gini ratios showed significant regional differences across all methods, while poverty rates showed method-dependent outcomes, and unemployment and economic growth showed no significant regional differences. These findings demonstrate the importance of method selection based on assumption testing and highlight the advantages of the Bayesian approach for regional analysis with small samples. Policymakers should prioritize targeted interventions for disadvantaged regions while addressing income inequality in more developed regions.]]>
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