<![CDATA[Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from infectious disease worldwide and continues to pose a serious threat to children under five, whose immune systems are not yet fully developed. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with TB prevention efforts among children under five in Dolok Masihul Sub-district, Serdang Bedagai Regency, in 2026, namely maternal knowledge, attitude, education level, home environmental conditions, access to health services, and health worker support. A quantitative observational-analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The study population comprised 3,417 mothers of children aged 0–59 months; 72 respondents were selected through simple random sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through univariate and bivariate statistics using the Chi-square test at α = 0.05. Most respondents had inadequate knowledge (83.3%) and a negative attitude (52.8%), while home environment (55.6%), access to health services (51.4%), and health worker support (55.6%) were largely favorable; 52.8% demonstrated good TB prevention practices. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between prevention efforts and knowledge (p=0.003), attitude (p=0.004), home environment (p=0.000), access to health services (p=0.000), and health worker support (p=0.005), whereas education level was not significantly associated (p=0.334). Strengthening maternal education on BCG immunization and Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy is recommended.]]>
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