<![CDATA[Dragon scale fern leaves (Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M.G. Price) are epiphytic plants containing alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins with photoprotective potential. This study aimed to formulate ethanol extract of dragon scale fern leaves into foundation cream preparations at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, and to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) values. Physical quality evaluations included homogeneity, stability, pH, emulsion type, spreadability, absorption rate, irritation test, and hedonic test. SPF values were determined using direct sunlight exposure and UV-Vis spectrophotometry (290–320 nm). All formulas produced homogeneous, stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion preparations with pH 6.5–6.8, spreadability 5–7 cm, and caused no irritation. UV-Vis spectrophotometry yielded SPF values of 12.5–19 (Maximum–Ultra category), while the direct sunlight method yielded SPF 1.6–2.3. Formula F3 (1.5%) was the optimal formulation with the highest SPF of 19 (Ultra) and fastest absorption rate of 18 seconds, and was most preferred by panelists.]]>
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