al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies
Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026)

The Ideal Human Being in Muhammad Iqbal's Religious Existentialist Philosophy

Wulan Dari (Universitas Al-Amien Prenduan)
Encung Encung (Universitas Al-Amien Prenduan)



Article Info

Publish Date
06 Oct 2026

Abstract

This research examines the concept of ideal human in Muhammad Iqbal's philosophy of religious existentialism, which emphasizes the nature of human beings as free individuals with the potential to develop towards self-perfection. Iqbal considers the strengthening of the ego (khudi) as the key to achieving ideal humanity. This research also explores the role of freedom, religion, and spiritual values in the formation of an authentic self. This research uses a qualitative approach with a library research method, which is a research process that involves collecting and analyzing data from various textual sources, such as books, journals, articles, papers, and other library materials relevant to the Concept of Insan Kamil in the Philosophy of Religious Existentialism. This research concludes that Iqbal's thought offers insight into how individuals can actualize their potential to achieve an authentic life, balanced between freedom and responsibility. The concept of ideal human refers to an individual who achieves perfection through strengthening the ego by balancing the intellectual, spiritual and moral dimensions. Man's relationship with God is at the center of this process, making insan kamil the ideal form of a complete human being.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

Afkar_Journal

Publisher

Subject

Social Sciences

Description

al-Afkar, Journal for Islamic Studies is published by Association of Secondment Lecturers (Asosiasi Dosen DPK) UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Indonesia. Focus of al-Afkar, Journal for Islamic Studies is on publishing original empirical research articles and theoretical reviews of Islamic Studies, ...