Diabetes mellitus remains a global health crisis, with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction as a key pathological feature that current therapies address only palliatively. This narrative review examines an emerging paradigm: the convergence of CRISPR-based epigenome editing, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence for targeted modulation of the β-cell epigenome. We synthesize evidence on epigenetic dysregulation in diabetic β-cells, critically evaluate preclinical developments in CRISPR epigenome editors and smart nanocarriers for pancreatic delivery, and discuss artificial intelligence applications in guide RNA design and multi-omics integration. Although proof-of-concept studies demonstrate promising synergy, clinical translation remains in its earliest stages. Major challenges including delivery specificity, biosafety, immunogenicity, and regulatory hurdles must be overcome before a precision reversal of diabetes can be realistically contemplated. This review provides a balanced assessment of both the transformative potential and the substantial obstacles facing nanogenomic approaches to diabetes therapy.
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